But like most public men of his era, Herbert Hoover believed that sound volunteerism was the best remedy for economic distress. Rather than adopt strong federal regulatory and fiscal measures, he called for more studies and for an organized—but voluntary—response on the part of the private sector. By , this pattern of inaction made Herbert Hoover one of the most despised men in America. A popular Vaudeville skit had the straight-man announce that the Depression was over.
In public appearances, the president seemed thoroughly defeated. Though the twenties are remembered primarily as a decade of bold innovation and experimentation, they also witnessed a fierce counter-revolutionary tendency.
They merely wanted to draw attention to their economically depressed crossroads town. The trial seemed like the culmination of a long-simmering clash between liberal and fundamentalist Christians.
Although it was technically a win for the prosecution, liberals declared it a great victory for their cause. In fact, the conservatives were far from beat. They immediately began to regroup and charter missions, publishing houses, and radio stations.
Fifty years later, they would reemerge as a powerful force in American public life. More successful in the immediate term was the Ku Klux Klan, a Reconstruction-era paramilitary group that had faded from American life until , when Colonel William Simmons re-founded the organization at a small ceremony on Stone Mountain, in Georgia. By the organization claimed at least five million members and controlled politics in Indiana, Texas, Oklahoma, and Colorado; it was enormously powerful in several other states, notably California and Georgia.
The golden door would remain closed for another forty years. The new Klan represented diverse ideas to its polyglot membership. Its followers could be found in cities as well as in the countryside, but as a general rule, the organization was fundamentalist and conservative in both profile and disposition. On the rd ballot, exasperated, and desperate, the convention agreed on a compromise candidate, a lackluster federal judge named John W.
Davis, who was resoundingly defeated by the incumbent, Calvin Coolidge. It was the high-water mark for the Klan. Arguably, Prohibition was the most successful achievement of anti-modern forces in the s. Writing just after Congress and states ratified the Eighteenth Amendment, which authorized a ban on the production and sale of alcoholic beverages, the great urban wit H.
Over the next decade there would be no shortage of bathtub gin and woodshed stills in the countryside. Though Americans widely flouted the new law and, accordingly, the twenties are remembered as a particularly liquid era , in fact, per capita alcohol consumption plummeted during Prohibition, lending the decade yet another paradoxical trait.
The twenties were always something of a gilded age. The income of the top 0. Most country folk did not experience the prosperity of the Roaring Twenties. Such glaring inequality had consequences. Boom times relied on mass consumption, and eventually, working people reached their limit. Aviation represented another area in which things were changing quite rapidly, helped by advances and improvements in aircraft during World War I.
Up to this time only a few daredevils and barnstormers had flown. In the United States Air Service circumnavigated the world in airplanes, just twenty-one years after Orville Wright flew the first powered plane for only forty yards here in North Carolina.
Before the decade was over, commercial passenger air travel had begun. The Fourteenth Amendment had already given African Americans citizenship in Yet segregation , or separation of the races, continued to be practiced in North Carolina and in the South.
Modern civil rights laws for minorities were still many years away. As mentioned in the beginning of this article, the decade also represented the worst of times. Here in North Carolina, Thomas W. Bickett was the governor until Show Boat became the basis for the popular musical of the same name. Prosperity had ended. The economic boom and the Jazz Age were over, and America began the period called the Great Depression. The s represented an era of change and growth. The decade was one of learning and exploration.
America had become a world power and was no longer considered just another former British colony. American culture, such as books, movies, and Broadway theater, was now being exported to the rest of the world. World War I had left Europe on the decline and America on the rise. Barrett A. The Evolution Controversy in North Carolina in the 's. Forsyth County Public Library. Winston-Salem in the Jazz Age. North Carolina Museum of History. The NAACP launched investigations into African American disenfranchisement in the presidential election, as well as surges of white mob violence, such as the Tulsa Race Massacre of A political milestone for Black Americans finally occurred when Oscar De Priest, a Chicago Republican, became the first African American congressman since Reconstruction to be elected to the House of Representatives in Start your free trial today.
But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. The 18th Amendment to the U. Constitution—which banned the manufacture, transportation and sale of intoxicating liquors—ushered in a period in American history known as Prohibition. Prohibition was ratified by the states on January 16, and officially went into effect on The economy boomed during the Roaring Twenties and rising incomes gave ordinary Americans access to enticing new conveniences, including washing machines, refrigerators, cars and other luxuries that would have once seemed unattainable.
No cultural symbol of the s is more recognizable than the flapper. Flappers romped through the Roaring Twenties, enjoying the new freedoms ushered in by the end Raskob insisted More than any other author, F.
Scott Fitzgerald can be said to have captured the rollicking, tumultuous decade known as the Roaring Twenties, from its wild parties, dancing and illegal drinking to its post-war prosperity and its new freedoms for women. The unprecedented death and destruction wrought by World War I leveled economies the world over, but the situation was different in the United States.
In fact, to were mostly boom years for the U. Please submit permission requests for other uses directly to the museum editorial staff. Spring The s has been called the Golden Age of American Sports. It also has been called the Age of the Spectator.
The United States had a strong economy for most of that decade. Many workers had more leisure time. New and bigger stadiums and gymnasiums were built.
The introduction of radio made it easier for fans to keep up with their favorite teams. Newspapers increased their coverage of sports. Improvements in roads made it possible for fans to travel to athletic events in distant cities. For the first time, large numbers of Americans began to pay money to watch other people compete in athletic contests. More people went to baseball games, more people followed baseball, and more people played baseball for fun than any other sport.
The colorful Ruth hit more home runs than any player had ever hit before. He excited fans with his outgoing personality. Ruth was the perfect hero for the Roaring Twenties. The s also was a decade when college football became more popular.
Notre Dame, coached by Knute Rockne, became the most famous college football team. The best college teams could compete in bowl games, such as the famous Rose Bowl, held in California. Boxing was popular too. Heavyweight champion Jack Dempsey was almost as famous as Ruth. Horse racing, golf, and tennis all had their fans.
College basketball was still a young sport. Professional football and basketball were minor sports.
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