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Meanwhile Dutch forces under Commandant Andries Pretorius had begun to muster at a camp, known as Congella, 5km south of Durban. After issuing an ultimatum, they seized the British cattle herd. The British attack on Congella was easily repulsed by the Dutch, and they were forced to retreat after suffering the loss of 51 men. The Dutch then laid siege to the British garrison in Durban. Two of their number, Richard King and a Zulu retainer named Ndongeni set off on an epic km ride to Grahamstown to request the assistance of its British garrison.
The ride took 10 days and was made possible by the string of mission stations previously established in the Transkei. Troops were landed in the Bay, and by The Dutch then abandoned their camp at Congella, and retreated to Pietermaritzburg. In this was replaced by a more substantial building, designed by his successor, Rev WC Holden.
Subsequent revisions took place on 5 June , 7 September and 26 January Separate Proclamations regarding Zululand were made in , and respectively. September, Natal was incorporated as a separate district of the Cape Colony.
He landed at Port Natal on 4 December, and was sworn in at Pietermaritzburg on 12 December, when he also took over the administration of the Colony. He died in office in West appointed a Commission to give African land holding legal status. On 8 March Umlazi, south of Durban, and Inanda, to its north-west, were proclaimed Start of the so-called Great Emigration from Britain, as the result of crop failures, the collapse of the railway financial boom, and general commercial distress.
From over a million persons left the country for various destinations in the Empire, of which some 5, men, women and children travelled to Natal under a variety of land schemes.
November, German settlers arrived at Port Natal. They were given land in an area 15km west of Durban, near Pinetown, which then became known as New Germany. Located on the Berea Ridge, it was also served as a useful landmark for ships entering the harbour. The site was located near present day Windmill Road. First sugar cane cultivars were imported from Mauritius. Not unexpectedly Byrne went bankrupt in It seems probable that Pine Terrace was named in his honour at about the same time.
He was knighted in when he took up a new posting in West Africa. Finding itself short of funds, the Colonial Government attempted to annex land on the Berea and, having laid out 18 stands, it proposed to sell them. At the same time 46 acres were surveyed near the Umbilo River to accommodate the establishment of smallholdings for Black farmers. October, A public meeting was held in Durban to propose the introduction of Indian labour.
The Natal Mercury was published in Durban for the first time. The Jane Morice sailed into Durban with a cargo of 15, cane tops from Mauritius. The first lots of land were sold at Umbilo, subsequently known as Prospect Township.
This was completed the following year. The premises were officially opened to the public on 14 November By that time it could boast of members, and had accumulated volumes and pamphlets.
By the thatched roof had begun to leak, and the library and reading room were moved next door to a double-storey house belonging to Dr Johnston. In about it was renamed the Durban Public Library. Byelaws promulgated requiring Black visitors to the village to be clothed from the shoulder to the knee. This was published in Durban on 3 May. At the time its White population numbered 1, He preached for the first time on 27 May.
Five years later a police station was built on the present site of Medwood Gardens. Butchers were obliged to remove to officially designated slaughter houses at the west end of town.
It was destroyed in , and replaced soon after by a larger and more imposing structure, which served its community until , when it was demolished. Donald Moodie, representing the Borough of Durban was elected its first Speaker. Unfortunately this enterprise did not last long, owing to low levels of salinity in the bay as well as the rapid corrosion of the imported iron boiler-plate evaporating pans.
This made it possible for the Colony to implement a programme whereby Indian labourers could be brought out to South Africa under a five-year contract of indenture.
At the end of the five years, workers had the option of signing new contracts for a further five-year period, which would make them eligible to settle permanently in the colony, or of being given a free passage back to India Upon completion of a second contract of indenture, Indian labourers were also entitled to a gift of Crown land and full citizenship rights.
This proviso was later withdrawn when Act No. Most residents turned out to witness the event as the first steam locomotive, named The Natal , travelled a distance of some 3. Immigration was suspended in due to depressed economic conditions in the Colony, and following allegations made in of embezzlement and ill-treatment of Indian workers on the part of White farmers, was only resumed in It was replaced in by Addington Hospital, on Erskine Terrace, where many of the casualties from the Anglo-Zulu War of were admitted.
First building bye-law passed prohibiting the use of thatch as a roofing material within the boundaries of the Borough. Bauboo Naidoo, an interpreter, opened a shop in Field Street, Durban, for the sale of condiments and other delicacies not included in the rations issued by law to indentured workers, thereby becoming the first Hindu Indian shop keeper in the Colony.
J Maclean was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of the Colony. The structure was designed by colonial engineer Peter Paterson, was completed in January For military reasons, it was demolished at the start of WWII and the present lighthouse was rebuilt near the site after The first eight street lamps were lit in Durban. This innovation did not survive for long, as by , the Council could no longer afford to buy the oil and the lamps were put out.
Such applications had to be supported by three duly qualified white electors, but the granting of the vote remained at the discretion of the Governor Work was begun on laying down a hard surface on Berea Road. To pay for the project tollgates were erected at points where it crossed Ridge and Umgeni Roads. Thereafter, from to , the old hospital building was taken over by the Durban Boys Model School.
The appellation referred to Indian immigrant traders, artisans, teachers and shop assistants who paid their own passage to the Colony. Under South Africa's system of apartheid , the Zulu people were third-class citizens, but today they are the largest ethnic group in the country, and they have equal rights with all citizens. The first written history of the area came from Portuguese explorer Vasco de Gama who landed there at the Port of Durban Bay on Christmas while he searched for a route to India.
The modern Port of Durban was first established when a party of British men from Cape Colony settled on the shores of the Bay of Natal in to establish a trading post. At that time, they planned to build the Port of Durban, as the Bay of Natal also known as Durban Bay was a rare natural harbor on southern Africa's east coast.
The land stretched over the area of the future Port of Durban to the Tugela River. Dingane was not happy with his decision, though, and he soon had the entire group killed. After many battles, the Voortrekkers finally defeated the Zulus in the Battle at the Bloodriver in when ten thousand Zulus attacked a force of Voortrekkers at the Ncome River.
By the end of the battle, some three thousand Zulus were dead, and three Voortrekkers were wounded. After the victory, the Voortrekkers also called Afrikaners founded their Natalia Republic and claimed the Port of Durban as their own. The British did not agree. One of the British group that had arrived at the site of the future Port of Durban in , Henry Fynn, befriended Zulu King Shaka who granted Fynn a kilometer long, kilometer wide strip of coast at a depth of one hundred miles.
In , 35 white people who lived in Fynn's territory decided to build a town called d'Urban after the governor of Cape Colony. The Fynn family lives in The Port of Durban still. In , the British sent troops to the Port of Durban, but the Afrikaners defeated their forces. The next year, however, the British overwhelmed the Afrikaners and took the Port of Durban back. Then in , The Afrikaners accepted annexation by the British when war with the Zulu population forced evacuation of The Port of Durban.
Establishing a sugar cane industry in the s, the British brought indentured laborers from India to work the plantations, resulting in The Port of Durban becoming the largest Indian community in South Africa. In , the railroad arrived in the Port of Durban, linking the harbor and the town. By , the rails stretched all the way to Johannesburg almost kilometers inland, and the Port of Durban stretched inland to the cool hills of Berea.
When gold was discovered in the area of the Port of Durban and coal was discovered in Dundee, the Port of Durban grew quickly. Many ships used the port for bunkering.
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